Washington is in the middle of a multi-year transition between two different HOA statutes, and knowing which one applies to your community matters. If your association's declaration was recorded before July 1, 2018, you're primarily governed by the older Homeowners' Association Act, RCW 64.38. If it was recorded on or after that date, you're fully governed by the newer Washington Uniform Common Interest Ownership Act, RCW 64.90. Older communities can also vote to opt into the new law early. Either way, both statutes fully merge on January 1, 2028, when RCW 64.38 sunsets and every Washington HOA moves to RCW 64.90 — and in the meantime, the legislature has been steadily importing specific RCW 64.90 protections into older communities ahead of schedule, most recently effective January 1, 2026.
The guide below describes what applies to a typical older (pre-2018) association today, since that's still most Washington HOAs, flagging clearly where a rule is one of the newer protections layered in early.
Fines: what your HOA can and can't charge
Washington sets no statutory dollar cap on fines. The board may levy "reasonable" fines after notice and an opportunity to be heard, following a fine schedule it adopted and distributed in advance — but the statute doesn't itself specify a minimum number of notice days or a hearing format, so check your own bylaws for those specifics.
See our guide on how to fight an HOA fine for the general playbook.
Unpaid assessments, liens, and foreclosure
For older Washington HOAs, a lien isn't automatic under state law — it exists only if your governing documents provide for one. Where it does apply, Washington has built a genuinely detailed, homeowner-protective collection timeline:
- First notice: mailed within 30 days of a missed payment, including required consumer-protection language (housing counselor and legal-aid contact info).
- 15-day standstill: for 15 days after that notice, the association can add only actual mailing costs, a single administrative fee up to $10, and a single late fee capped at the lesser of $50 or 5% of the unpaid assessment.
- Second notice: mailed at least 60 days after the first, and only once the account is at least 90 days delinquent.
- Minimum before foreclosure: the greater of 3 months of assessments or $2,000 (not counting fines, late fees, interest, or attorney's fees), with at least 90 days elapsed since that threshold was reached.
More on this in our guide to what happens if you don't pay HOA dues.
Meetings and quorum
Default quorum for older HOAs is 34% of the association's votes, present in person or by proxy, unless the governing documents set a different number. Since 2026, a newer-law protection now applies to older communities too: meeting notice must go out 14 to 50 days in advance, meetings must be open to all owners, and the board has to reserve at least 15 minutes at the start of each meeting for owner comment, with at least 90 seconds per owner. Absentee ballots and proxies are allowed; proxies expire 11 months after being issued unless stated otherwise.
Board elections
This is one of the thinner areas of Washington's older statute — there's no dedicated election law. Absent a bylaw provision saying otherwise, a majority of votes cast decides an association action, which would apply to elections too, though most HOA bylaws in practice use plurality voting for multi-candidate races. Washington law doesn't set eligibility restrictions, a delinquency bar, or a felony-conviction rule for board candidates at the state level — check your own bylaws. Only the owners, not the board itself, can remove a sitting director, with or without cause, by majority vote; the board can fill a vacancy that opens up mid-term. There's no dedicated administrative forum for election disputes — they go to superior court, where the prevailing party can recover attorney's fees.
For the general mechanics, see how HOA board elections work.
Buying a home in a Washington HOA
Here's the detail most likely to trip up a buyer: the detailed HOA resale certificate you may have heard about is a feature of the newer law (RCW 64.90), not yet a requirement for most existing Washington HOAs. For a typical pre-2018 community today, the operative disclosure is Washington's standard residential Seller Disclosure Statement ("Form 17"), which includes a dedicated HOA section — whether one exists, contact info for someone who can supply financials, the assessment amount, and any pending special assessments. You get 3 business days to rescind after receiving that disclosure (or an amendment to it), a right you can waive in writing, and it disappears once the deed is recorded at closing.
For communities already under the newer law (built after July 2018, or opted in early — and eventually every Washington HOA by 2028), a real resale certificate becomes mandatory: the association must produce one within 10 days of a request, for a fee capped at $275, and you get 5 business days to cancel after receiving it.
See our full buying checklist for homes in an HOA before you make an offer.
Need help with a Washington HOA issue? Find an HOA attorney in Washington, or find a management company in Washington.